Rosyth, Edinburgh cruise port guide

Welcome to Edinburgh, the administrative and cultural capital of Scotland. The present city had its origin in the 11th century.Towards the end of the Middle Ages, Edinburgh's development prompted the construction of two walls to encircle the settlement and to protect her citizens. Adversely, the walls inhibited expansion and contained the city for almost 250 years. After Scotland was joined with England in 1707, defense was no longer a key issue and the city began to spread beyond the protective walls. Edinburgh entered its golden age in the late 18th century and emerged as one of Europe's great intellectual capitals. Dominating the city from atop Castle Rock is the oldest and most prominent surviving structure, Edinburgh Castle. The Royal Mile links the castle with the 16th-century Holyroodhouse Palace, the official residence of the Queen when she visits Edinburgh. The Throne Room and the State Apartments, with their rich tapestries and period furnishings, are of particular interest. While major historic monuments are found in the Old Town, Georgian architecture characterizes the New Town, which is the heart of the city. Princes Street marks the dividing line between the old and new sections. Shops, hotels, clubs and restaurants line its northern side; the southern side is flanked by Princes Street Gardens. Edinburgh is first and foremost a cultural and educational center. Its university, the largest in Scotland, was founded in 1583; it became a famous center for medical studies. The city is also noted for its excellent galleries and museums as well as the annual Edinburgh Military Tattoo and the International Festival. The distance between Edinburgh and Rosyth is 14 miles, requiring a driving time of approximately 45 minutes.